Eosinophilic esophagitis is an antigen-mediated chronic disease that has been increasing in prevalence for the last few decades. A plethora of research has been done recently studying the pathophysiology and potential treatments for the disease. This review paper highlights the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis including new diagnostic and treatment modalities for the disorder.Statement of novelty: We review the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis, and include new diagnostic and treatment modalities for the disorder.